Photonic Materials for Virtual Space Technology towards 21st Century

R & Ds for 21st Century Photonic Network in Japan

Government-funded R&D initiatives have been playing crucial roles for developing photonic networks. The R&D project is typically carried out for a relatively long period of five-years, and the goal is set so high that no single private sector can afford the risk. In this paper, challenging governmentfunded R&D initiatives of photonic networks in Japan is introduced. They have been launched in 2...

Smart Materials Technology for the 21st Century—the Future of Modeling and Design Tools

Technology and 21st Century Business Processes

Through articles on the integration of technology into a wide range of business process, the issue makes clear how essential technology has become for organizational success. Included in this issue are articles showing the power of technology to facilitate manufacturing, project management, collaboration, inventory control, organizational relationships, and strategic planning. Each article prov...

Automatic Collision Avoidance Systems: Towards 21st Century

More than about sixty per cent of casualties at sea are caused by collisions ref.1. So the results from the solution to this problem is the most urgent issue that we must face. Many measures have already been developed, but the ACAS will be new and possibly one of the most effective. A large proportion of accidents are caused by human error and the right approach to automation could help to red...

Hybrid urban space and the dichotomous citizen phenomenon in the 21st century Case Study: Tehran

Aims and contexts: Today, technology, as an integral part of life, has affected cities with fundamental and functional changes and it is known as a new feature of them in the 21st century. These changes have led to the dual specialization of life and consequently, to citizens with behavioral transformation. In other words, the hybrid urban space has created a dichotomous citizen with dual real-...